Day 22 :
- Special Session on "Allergen Management and Regulatory Measures"
Session Introduction
Sylvia Pfaff
Food Information Service
Germany
Title: Regulatory measures needed on unintentional allergen cross contamination
Time : 10:00:10:25
Biography:
Sylvia Pfaff studied Food Chemistry in Hamburg. She works as a Consultant for the food industry since 1996. Her main work experiences are food safety and quality management, allergen management, GMO issues, hygiene and packaging. She was in all research projects directly involved. She has therefore intense experience with innovation projects on national and European level; close networks to food companies, retailers and science. At FIS Europe, she works on several projects concerning integrated management systems for the food business where consumer issues are important. She organises seminars, workshops and focus groups regularly. She was involved in the EU research projects SPAS, Consumer Choice and EuroPrevall. Currently, she works with the German Patient Organisation on allergen management and allergen labelling.
Abstract:
The management of unintentional allergen presence has a lot of approaches worldwide. In some countries only the detection of undeclared allergens lead to a recall. On the other hand, some countries do not even inform allergic consumers after the detection of allergens if this is caused by cross-contamination. Both approaches cannot be right. We have to define when the allergic consumer is at risk (how much is too much), how to manage allergens in the food production (what are the best steps in an allergen management system) and how to react if unintentional allergen presence is detected (how to assess the risk, what kind of measurements are necessary, how to inform the allergic consumer). In this Breakout Session, we will highlight the issue from different angles. This speech will cover: Setting the scene – why is regulation of allergen cross contamination important? Summary of German stakeholder conference November 2015 - tolerable reactions after allergen intake, protection of allergic consumers, agreed action level for peanut and portion size and gaps in research and analysis and further steps and measurements of regulators.
Hazel Gowland
Allergy Action
UK
Title: Protecting consumers from food allergens - What else is required?
Time : 10:25-10:50
Biography:
Hazel Gowland is well-known as a food allergic champion consumer, patient representative, researcher and trainer. She has worked for and with the Anaphylaxis Campaign since 1994 and as an independent expert adviser - Allergy Action (www.allergyaction.org ) since 2000. In partnership with world-leading clinicians, food industry bodies, regulators, scientists and social scientists, consumer and patient organisations, she continues to investigate fatal and ‘near miss’ reactions, contributing to improved understanding of allergy risks and how they can be reduced and controlled, both in those people at risk and by those managing their environments and their food.
Abstract:
‘May contain’ labelling to indicate the possible presence of non ingredient allergens in foods on sale has been in place for 20 years. Studies indicate that it is both over and under-used. Decision-making about when to use it and what form it should take is still variable. Analytical tools to support its use are more widely available but depend on the competence of the laboratory to handle different food matrices as well as the method(s) available for the particular allergen. Regulatory alignment and consumer/patient trust depend on a wide range of complex co-factors. These include: The availability of relevant, accessible and practical analytical methods for food allergens in different food matrices; variability in allergic reactions as well as the amount of allergen triggering different symptom; social and political factors behind regulation - consumer expectations and stakeholder commitment and; understanding and supporting the information needs of all ‘food audiences’ – including all those who prepare food for others.
Hazel Gowland
Allergy Action, St Albans
United Kingdom
Title: Protecting consumers from food allergens - what else is required?
Time : 10:20-10:40
Biography:
Hazel Gowland is well-known as a food allergic champion consumer, patient representative, researcher and trainer. She has worked for and with the Anaphylaxis Campaign since 1994 and as an independent expert adviser - Allergy Action (www.allergyaction.org ) since 2000. In partnership with world-leading clinicians, food industry bodies, regulators, scientists and social scientists, consumer and patient organisations, she continues to investigate fatal and ‘near miss’ reactions, contributing to improved understanding of allergy risks and how they can be reduced and controlled, both in those people at risk and by those managing their environments and their food.
Abstract:
‘May contain’ labelling to indicate the possible presence of non ingredient allergens in foods on sale has been in place for twenty years. Studies indicate that it is both over and under-used. Decision-making about when to use it and what form it should take is still variable. Analytical tools to support its use are more widely available but depend on the competence of the laboratory to handle different food matrices as well as the method(s) available for the particular allergen.
Regulatory alignment and consumer / patient trust depend on a wide range of complex co-factors.
These include:
• The availability of relevant, accessible and practical analytical methods for food allergens in different food matrices
• Variability in allergic reactions as well as the amount of allergen triggering different symptom
• Social and political factors behind regulation - consumer expectations and stakeholder commitment
• Understanding and supporting the information needs of all ‘food audiences’ – including all those who prepare food for others
Pauline Titchener
Neogen Europe Ltd.,
UK
Title: Analytics is the key for safe food – Challenges and way forward
Time : 11:05 - 11:30
Biography:
Pauline Titchener studied Food Technology at the University of Glasgow. Following graduation, she worked at the food indusry in both quality assurance and new product development roles. For the last 10 years, she has been working for Neogen Europe, a leading manufacturer of food safety diagnostic tests. She is currently responsible for the business development of the allergen and speciation diagnostic ranges accross Europe.
Abstract:
Analytical methods are a key tool of an allergen management plan and can be used to aid manufacturers to validate and verifiy their cleaning schedules, finished product testing or their supply network. However, with such a variety of both manufacturing methods and analytical techniques, it can often be a challenge for food manufacturers to select approriate methods. A variety of analytical techniques are available for food allergen analysis, including those based on ELISA, PCR and, more recently, LCMS:MS techniques. Each of these methods have potential benefits and limitations for the detection of food allergens. Using practical examples, the factors that should be evaluated when validating methods for suitability will be considered, with a focus on ELISA and lateral flow technology. These include the format of the food allergen, effect of processing on food allergen detection and matrix interference. Significant efforts are being made by the scientific community to overcome some of the challenges of allergen analysis, which include the need for food allergen reference materials to improve existing methods and to aid validation of new methods. Looking forward, a key area for the use of appropriately validated methods is the application of these tools in relation to food allergen thresholds.
Crevel Rene
Unilever
United Kingdom
Title: Allergen Management and need for regulation at Factory Level
Time : 11:30-11:55
Biography:
TBA
Abstract:
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Jackie Healing
Coles Supermarkets
Australia
Title: Retailer perspective - Global supply chain best practices
Time : 11:55 - 12:20
Biography:
Jackie Healing recently returned to the UK from her position as General Manager – Quality and Responsible Sourcing with Coles Supermarkets, Australia with over 25 years of experience in food retailing globally. She specialises in the development and implementation of retail change programs with growers and manufacturers who support the retailers’ private label offer. Her focus is on developing differentiated products which are sustainable and deliver exceptional quality and value to customers. She works collaboratively across a wide stakeholder group of government, regulators, manufacturers and consumer groups. Her recent achievements include the development of a higher platform for quality management and measurement of retail supermarket suppliers; the launch of a dedicated training academy for supermarket suppliers, leading the change programme in labour hire practice for the Agricultural industry in Australia, etc. She has firsthand experience of the application of the VITAL tool in determining relevant risk assessed allergen labelling requirements and believes this to be an approach that others should follow. During her collegiate career, she earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Food Science and Agriculture from the University of Reading UK, graduating with Honours. She moved back to England from Australia in January this year and is currently looking for her next professional opportunity.
Abstract:
Food allergies continue to be one of the greatest causes of product recall and withdrawal globally causing financial and emotional burden to retailers, manufacturers and consumers. Mislabelling is all too commonly the cause of product being removed from sale and yet we, in the industry, could be accused of making the situation worse by taking a very risk adverse approach to the subject of allergen labelling. The VITAL (Voluntary Incidental Trace Allergen Labelling) tool, developed by the Allergen Bureau, gives a standardised allergen risk assessment process for the food industry. It provides manufacturers, retailers and consumers with practical scientifically based allergen labeling guidelines taking into account the allergen thresholds. It also gives a clear recommendation for allergen labeling warnings which means a consistent approach is used on all products easing decision making both for manufacturers and customers. Customers appreciate the increased product choice they have as a result and the industry benefits from a more pragmatic approach. Overall cost savings result through the reduction in number of unnecessary product withdrawals. In this short presentation you will hear how the tool works in practice with some examples taken from Jackie’s’ experience managing food safety for retailers globally.
Chun-Han Chan
Food Standards Agency,UK
Title: Allergen Management and Regulatory Measures - The view of the UK food
Time : 12:20 - 12:45
Biography:
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Abstract:
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- Symposium on "Formation and Analysis of Food Borne Toxicants"
Session Introduction
Michael Granvogl
Technical University of Munich
Germany
Title: Food-borne toxicants: Elucidation of formation pathways as well as quantitation experiments using stable isotopically labelled compounds
Time : 12:50-13:15
Biography:
Michael Granvogl has completed his PhD as well as Post-doctoral studies at the Chair for Food Chemistry (Technical University of Munich) under the supervision of Prof. Peter Schieberle. Actually, he is an Associate Professor at the same facility. He has published about 30 papers in peer-reviewed journals and has been serving as a reviewer for about 20 different journals. Furthermore, he is well-known as a presenter around the globe participating in the most important conferences about flavor chemistry, Maillard chemistry, and food safety related topics.
Abstract:
In the past, a lot of studies have been undertaken to mitigate the formation of the so-called “food-borne toxicants” during food manufacturing. But, in some cases, a formation pathway is not known or well understood, leading to approaches on the basis of "trial and error". Thus, beside the development of accurate, reliable, sensitive, and selective quantitation methods mostly on the basis of stable isotopically labelled standards, the elucidation of formation pathways and the knowledge of parameters influencing the generation of these toxicants is very important enabling systematic mitigation strategies. The lecture will demonstrate that the use of labelled compounds is not only recommended as internal standards for quantitation experiments, but they are also a useful tool to get deeper insights into the formation of food-borne toxicants. Thereby, the labeled compounds are used as precursors or intermediates to monitor their reactions in model systems or real food by mass spectrometry experiments, e.g., GC-MS or LC-MS/MS. In detail, the formation mechanisms of acrylamide, acrolein, and furan will be presented. Further, the development of quick and simple quantitation methods on the basis of headspace GC-MS analysis will be presented. Their robustness and reliability was proven in comparison to more time-consuming derivatization methods, exemplarily shown for the (E)-2-alkenals acrolein and crotonaldehyde by stable isotope dilution analysis (SIDA) using [13C3]-acrolein and synthesized [13C4]-crotonaldehyde.
Michael Rychlik
Technical University of Munich
Germany
Title: Emerging, modified and masked mycotoxins in foods – Current risk assessments
Time : 14:00 - 14:25
Biography:
Michael Rychlik is the Head of the Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry at the Technical University of Munich, Germany (TUM). He graduated in Food Chemistry at the University of Kaiserslautern in 1988. His PhD studies on the flavour of bread were completed in 1996 and he was appointed as Professor at the TUM in 2010. His group has been working for 15 years in the field of developing analytical methods for bioactive food components, in particular for vitamins, mycotoxins, odourants and lipids. For these compounds, he developed stable isotope dilution assays that reveal superior accuracy.
Abstract:
According to WHO estimation, about 25% of agricultural commodities are contaminated with mycotoxins world-wide. In cereals, the most common fungal genus involved is Fusarium. Major Fusarium toxins such as deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisins are regulated by EU legislation. Analytical food chemistry has developed accurate LC-MS/MS methods for controlling these contaminants. However, during the last years so called “modified” or “emerging” mycotoxins have been discovered, which are either plant metabolites of the fungal toxins or produced by other ubiquitous fungi such as Alternaria species, respectively. Targeted approaches have been developed to accurately quantitate “emerging” and “modified” mycotoxins along with multi-analyte approaches based on stable isotope dilution assays (SIDAs) for efficient mycotoxin control. In this regard, most Fusarium toxins and major modifications were included and detected in cereal products. Besides, major Alternaria toxins were analyzed and risk assessments along with management actions for infant foods were initiated. Moreover, non-targeted approaches were initiated to screen for other fungal metabolites. Despite the current analytical developments in metabolomics, mycotoxin analysis still is challenging with regard to accurate quantitation and newly identified compounds. However, risk assessment and preventing hazards for the consumers requires data on exposure and toxicological properties, which are still lacking for many substances.
Shaun MacMahon
US FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
USA
Title: Multiplex methods in the regulatory analysis of undeclared food allergens
Time : 14:25 - 14:50
Biography:
Shaun MacMahon is the Branch Chief for the Chemical Contaminants Branch at the US FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, USA.
Abstract:
Food allergies affect an estimated 3% of the population and 6% of children, with an increasing number of people suffering from multiple food allergies. The 2004 Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) mandated labeling of foods containing egg, milk, peanut, soy, wheat, tree nuts, crustacean seafood, and fish; these allergens are responsible for 90% of the food allergies in the United States. To enforce FALCPA, antibody-based assays such as ELISAs are commonly employed. While ELISA methods are generally sensitive and robust, they have limitations. As the kits are analyte specific, different assays must be employed in order to detect each of the different food allergens. FDA’s research efforts have focused on the development of methods capable of detecting multiple food allergens, including xMAP, DNA- and mass spectrometry-based methods. This talk will review these methods and their application to the detection of allergens in foods in the United States.
Jan Kuhlmann
SGS Germany GmbH
Germany
Title: Process induced food contaminants 3-MCPD, 2-MCPD & glycidol: Occurrence and analysis
Time : 14:50 - 15:15
Biography:
Jan Kuhlmann has completed his PhD in Chemistry at the University of Hamburg, Germany. He is the Leader of the Department of Chromatography at the SGS Multilab in Hamburg. SGS is a worldwide operating company for testing, inspection and certification. He has published 8 papers on analytical methods in reputed journals and is a member of several expert groups for contaminants in foods. He also is a Member of DIN and works as German delegate in the ISO subcommittee TC34/SC11.
Abstract:
From the perspective of food safety, chlorohydrins, as for example free 3-Mono¬chloro¬propane¬diol (3-MCPD), are known to be undesired contaminants that might occur in a broad variety of foods. They can be generated during certain processes as for instance acid treatment during production of soy sauce and hydrolyzed vegetable protein (HVP). Other sources might be the migration of chlorohydrins from contact materials into foods during production or storage. Since the occurrence of significant amounts of fatty acid ester bound 3-MCPD, 2-MCPD and the structurally related glycidol in various edible oils was reported in 2006, 2009 and 2011. Several analytical methods for the determination of these compounds in oil matrices have been published and also validated. In 2014, the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) released a recommendation to all member states to monitor the presence of free and bound MCPD and glycidol in edible oils and fats and oil and fat containing foods as for instance infant formula, margarines, bakery ware and also certain fish and meat products. In this regard, there is an obvious need for analytical methods that cover these more complex matrices. This presentation intends to focus on the availability of analytical methods and their applicability and comparability in regard to the occurrence of free and bound MCPD and glycidol in different kinds of food.
Shaun MacMahon
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
USA
Title: LC-MS/MS detection of MCPD and glycidyl esters in infant formula: Extraction procedures and occurrence studies of market infant formulas
Time : 15:15 - 15:40
Biography:
Jessica Leigh obtained her PhD in Inorganic Chemistry from the University of Florida, USA in 2014. She has completed Post-doctoral fellowships in the College of Pharmacy at the University of Florida and the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition at the United States Food and Drug Administration. She is currently a Chemist at the US Food and Drug Administration where her research focuses on the development of analytical methods for the analysis of food products.
Abstract:
Fatty acid esters of 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) and glycidol are process-induced chemical contaminants found in refined edible vegetable oils. Formed during the industrial processing of oils, 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters are considered potentially carcinogenic and/or genotoxic, making their presence in edible oils (and processed foods containing these oils) a potential health risk. Recently, increased attention has focused on the use of refined vegetable oils in commercial infant formulas. A novel approach for the detection 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters in infant formula will be discussed. Quantitation of the esters was performed using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method that was previously validated for the quantitation of these species in edible oils. Results of the validation indicate that recoveries ranging between 85 and 115% can be achieved for the most abundant 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters. This newly developed methodology was then applied to determine the concentrations of 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters in commercially available infant formulae from both the United States and Europe.
Nigel G Halford
Rothamsted Research
UK
Title: Reducing the acrylamide-forming potential of wheat, rye and potato
Time : 15:40-16:05
Biography:
Nigel G Halford graduated from Liverpool University in 1983, obtained his Master’s degree from UCL in 1984 and his PhD from the CNAA at Rothamsted in 1989. In 1991, he moved to Long Ashton Research Station near Bristol but returned to Rothamsted in 2002. He is the author of >120 papers and several books. His research programme concerns the genetics of metabolic regulation in crops, how plant metabolism is affected by stress and how it can be manipulated for crop improvement. He is a visiting Professor at Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Special Professor at the University of Nottingham.
Abstract:
Acrylamide is a processing contaminant that was discovered in a range of popular foods in 2002. It forms from free asparagine and reducing sugars via similar pathways to browning colours, aromas and flavours, during high-temperature cooking and processing, and is classified as a Class 2a carcinogen. Cereal and potato products, along with coffee, are the major contributors to dietary acrylamide intake. Projects have been conducted on reducing the acrylamide-forming potential of wheat, rye, and potato, involving groups from Rothamsted Research, John Innes Centre, James Hutton Institute, the University of Reading, and consortia of organisations and companies from the respective supply chains. The studies have shown significant differences between varieties of all three crops with respect to acrylamide-forming potential. In cereals, free asparagine concentration is the limiting factor for acrylamide formation, and this is the parameter on which varietal selection should be based. In potato, the relationship between precursor conentration and acrylamide formation is more complex, but reducing sugars account for most of the variance in the majority of datasets. The genetic control of free asparagine accumulation in grains and tubers has been investigated. Environmental factors (E) also have significant effects, on their own and in combination with varietal differences (G×E), and crop management is important. For example, sulphur deficiency causes a massive accumulation of free asparagine in wheat grain. Plant breeders must engage on the acrylamide issue or risk losing market share to those who do, but the problem is made more difficult by the link between browning, flavour and acrylamide formation. It must also be remembered that cereals and potatoes are hugely important to global food security and significant health benefits are associated with eating wholegrain cereal products.
Jan Kuhlmann
SGS Germany GmbH
Germany
Title: Natural born food contaminants pyrrolizidine and tropane alkaloids: Occurrence, properties and analysis
Time : 16:05- 16:30
Biography:
Jan Kuhlmann has completed his PhD in Chemistry at the University of Hamburg, Germany. He is the Leader of the Department of Chromatography at the SGS Multilab in Hamburg. SGS is a worldwide operating company for testing, inspection and certification. He has published 8 papers on analytical methods in reputed journals and is a member of several expert groups for contaminants in foods. He also is a Member of DIN and works as German delegate in the ISO subcommittee TC34/SC11.
Abstract:
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) and tropane alkaloids (TA) are potentially harmful plant metabolites that occur frequently in nature. Plants seem to produce these substances in order to defend themselves against damage by herbivorous animals or other invasive organisms. Thousands of plant species are known to produce PAs, of which several hundred different structures have been identified. They consist commonly of structurally non-diverse alkaloid bases that are esterified with a broad variety of one or two necine acids. From the perspective of food safety certain 1,2-unsaturated alkaloids, as for example retronecine and its derivatives, are of high relevance as several studies have indicated with evidence that they are assumed to cause genotoxic effects. Since years, PAs have been known to occur in honey but recently it seems also in other foods, food supplements and pharmaceuticals of plant origin can be contaminated. The reason therefore appears to be the accidental co-harvesting of PA and/or TA producing weeds together with the target crop. This makes a food-related estimation of potential contamination difficult as in most cases it is impossible to say what kind and amount of weeds might have been included. Risk assessment based on available analytical methods also seems to be difficult due to the limited number of PAs and TAs that are covered by recent methods. This presentation focuses on the identification of foods that might contain PAs and TAs as well as on the availability of analytical methods, their scope and comparability.
Biography:
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Abstract:
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- Symposium on " Challenges in the Detection of Food Allergens - Food Processing and Production Line Factors”
Session Introduction
Balunkeswar Nayak
University of Maine
USA
Title: Challenges in the detection of food allergens – Effects of processing and food matrices
Biography:
Balunkeswar Nayak is an Assistant Professor of Food Processing at the School of Food & Agriculture in the University of Maine, Orono, United States. He has worked as a Post-doctoral fellow in the Food Allergy Research and Resources Program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He received his PhD in Food Engineering from Washington State University, Pullman, WA. He is a member and has been actively involved in several committees of IFT and ASABE. He is a scientific editor for the Journal of Food Processing and Technology and Trends in Post-harvest Technology
Abstract:
Food allergy has been reported in 5 – 8% of young children and ~4% of general population in the United States. A number of food constituents and products known as ‘Big 8’ including milk, peanuts, eggs, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, soy and wheat can cause allergy. Allergic reactions to foods account for a high proportion on emergency room visits and hospital admissions making food allergies a serious concern to public health around the world. In 2013, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States published a proposed rule on the implementation of FSMA which would mandate that allergens be considered as hazards within the Hazard Analysis & Critical Control Points (HACCP) program. With the increasing prevalence and severity of food allergy, thermal and non-thermal food processing methods are sought to reduce the allergenic potency of foods. Application of thermal and non-thermal processing methods including microwave heating, boiling, high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed ultraviolet light, gamma irradiation and ultrasound methods have been reported as promising techniques in reducing allergens in some food products. However, food processing operations often lead to the denaturation of this protein making both extraction and detection. There are challenges in the recovery and detections of the allergenic residues after processing limit the exact effects of processing. The presentation will discuss various processing methods used for extraction of allergenic proteins, challenges of extraction and detection in raw and processed food matrices and implications of allergen reduction in actual patients
Balunkeswar Nayak
University of Maine
USA
Title: Challenges in the detection of food allergens – Effects of processing and food matrices
Time : 10:00-10:25
Biography:
Balunkeswar Nayak is an Assistant Professor of Food Processing at the School of Food & Agriculture in the University of Maine, Orono, United States. He has worked as a Post-doctoral fellow in the Food Allergy Research and Resources Program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He received his PhD in Food Engineering from Washington State University, Pullman, WA. He is a member and has been actively involved in several committees of IFT and ASABE. He is a scientific editor for the Journal of Food Processing and Technology and Trends in Post-harvest Technology.
Abstract:
Food allergy has been reported in 5 – 8% of young children and ~4% of general population in the United States. A number of food constituents and products known as ‘Big 8’ including milk, peanuts, eggs, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, soy and wheat can cause allergy. Allergic reactions to foods account for a high proportion on emergency room visits and hospital admissions making food allergies a serious concern to public health around the world. In 2013, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States published a proposed rule on the implementation of FSMA which would mandate that allergens be considered as hazards within the Hazard Analysis & Critical Control Points (HACCP) program. With the increasing prevalence and severity of food allergy, thermal and non-thermal food processing methods are sought to reduce the allergenic potency of foods. Application of thermal and non-thermal processing methods including microwave heating, boiling, high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed ultraviolet light, gamma irradiation and ultrasound methods have been reported as promising techniques in reducing allergens in some food products. However, food processing operations often lead to the denaturation of this protein making both extraction and detection. There are challenges in the recovery and detections of the allergenic residues after processing limit the exact effects of processing. The presentation will discuss various processing methods used for extraction of allergenic proteins, challenges of extraction and detection in raw and processed food matrices and implications of allergen reduction in actual patients.
Timo Wulfmeyer
R-Biopharm AG
Germany
Title: Food safety: Detect soy especially in highly processed food
Time : 10:25-10:50
Biography:
Timo Wulfmeyer has gained profound knowledge and experience about liquid handling and ELISA and LFD systems in the field of food analysis and clinical diagnostics while working as a Product Manager and Application specialist for R-Biopharm AG, Germany. In addition to his professional background, he has completed his PhD in Molecular Biology at the TU Darmstadt, Germany and the University of Milan, Italy.
Abstract:
Soybean and its products are widely used as ingredients in diverse food products and as technological solutions in the food industry. The molecular composition is widely used in food processes to improve functional properties such as foaming, gelling or emulsification. Soy is suggested as an allergen which can cause severe allergic reactions, therefore soybeans and their products are listed in annex IIIa of the EU directive on labelling of foods. It is also listed as a major food allergen by the FDA (USA) labelling regulations. Due to the wide use of soybean products in the food industry, cross-contact to soy free products may occur. Cross-contamination is a major reason for recalls in the food industry, therefore it is important to check production lines for these sources of soya. Sensitive and fast lateral flow devices are able to verify cleaning in production lines and are easy to use, also for untrained personnel. The RIDA®QUICK Soya (R7103) dip stick is an easy and quick tool for such purposes, which can especially be used for the detection of highly processed soy proteins (LOD: 0.5 μg/100 cm2) and samples. Soy is often used as processed material, since raw soy beans are harmful after consumption. The RIDA®QUICK Soya specifically detects denaturized soy proteins from raw soybeans, flour, protein concentrates and various other products made from soybeans. Hence, LFD are reliable test systems for swab testing in hygiene control and food testing.
- Track 4: Challenges to Food Hygiene and Safety
Track 6: Microbiological and Chemical Aspects of Food Safety
Track 9: Food Safety Regulations and Guidelines
Track 3: Environmental Protection Co-management with Food Safety
Session Introduction
Hsiao Ping Lee
Chinese Petroleum Corporation
Taiwan
Title: A 90-day subchronic feeding toxicity study in rats fed N-acetyl glucosamine produced by Chitinibacter tainanensis fermentation
Biography:
Hsiao Ping Lee has completed her PhD from National TsingHua University. She is working as a Quality Assurance Manager in RMRI.
Abstract:
A new species, Chitinibacter tainanensis capable of converting chitin into N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG), was discovered in the previous work. It was found totally new that NAG could be produced by aerobic fermentation. Most of all, the broth of fermentation could be separated and further purified to the desired NAG powder with the purity of greater than 99%. The applications of NAG in the fields of food, cosmetics and pharmacy have been well defined. However, the safety of NAG produced by this novel bacterium should be thoroughly considered. In this work, a 90-day oral test in rat was conducted to justify the safety concern on NAG administration. A total of 40 male and female Wister rats were equally divided into 4 groups. Each group was given orally with NAG at dosage of 0 (D.I. water), 1.5, 3 or 5 g/kg bw/day separately. All animals survived to the end of study. The observations of overall health, food consumption, body weight, clinical pathology parameters (hematology, blood chemistry and urinalysis) and organ weights showed no significant differences among all groups. Microscopic examinations also showed that there were almost the same between control and treatment groups at the aspects of ophthalmic or histological observation. The results showed that the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of NAG for rat was 5 g/kg bw/day, equivalent to 100 times of the recommended dose for human (3 g/60 kg bw/day). NAG produced by the new species, C. tainanensis, is considered to be safely used as food supplement.
G. Luzón-González
University of Granada
Spain
Title: A model for soil removal in washing systems
Time : 16:30 - 16:50
Biography:
German has completed his PhD at the age of 26 years from Granada University. He is Associate Professor since 1998 at the University of Granada and currently Head of Master in Chemical Engineering. He has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals and collaborated with many journals as Reviewer.
Abstract:
Fouling problems associated with food processing have been reported for more than half century. Thermal food processing is used to reduce the concentration of harmful microbes aside from heat deactivation of enzymes that would cause quality losses. Therefore, frequent cleaning of the plant is necessary, usually using complex and expensive cleaning-in-place (CIP) techniques which requires an optimization not only for reducing operating costs but also for energy saving and for reducing environmental impact. To select a correct cleaning strategy requires an understanding of fouling, which differs for each type of processed food. This work examines the influence of pH, temperature, surfactant concentration, and soiling agent by using a Bath-Substrate-Flow (BSF) device for milk, starch and fats soils cleaning. We propose a model that fits the experimental results allowing the prediction of best washing conditions for the optimization the cleaning process.
Isam Kadim
Sultan Qaboos University
Oman
Title: Determination of residues of anabolic agents in red meat and meat products using HPLC and ELISA
Time : 16:45 - 17:10
Biography:
Kadim I T has completed his PhD in Meat Science from Massey University, New Zealand. He has more than 30 years of progressive experience as an academic, consultant and researcher. He has a professional history, as a faculty member at 3 institutes (Massey University; New Zealand; Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman; and Basrah University, Iraq). He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of 3 journals.
Abstract:
Safety of meat and meat products is a multidimensional concept. There are reasons to believe, there is an information asymmetry between consumers, producers and safety authorities along the supply chain. Within this framework, this research aimed to detect some anabolic (estrogen, testosterone and trenbolone) residues in meat and meat products using ELISA and HPLC. Anabolic agents are widely used as growth promoters in livestock production. The administration of such chemicals to meat producing animals may lead to deposition of residual materials in meat and consequently presents a potential human health hazard. A total of 81 meat samples (beef, buffalo and sheep) representing fresh, frozen, minced, sausages, burger and mortadella were obtained. Estrogen was detected in all meat samples (100%); trenbolone was not detected in any sample (0%); and testosterone was detected in 24 red meat samples (30%) using ELISA and HPLC. There was a large variation in anabolic concentrations between meat and meat product samples suggesting that larger number of meat samples may be required for more accurate risk assessment. The level of estrogen and testosterone in considerable number of samples was over acceptable limits. The ELISA and HPLC tests were shown to be effective in measuring anabolic compounds in meat and meat products. The presence of anabolic agents in meat and meat products must be strictly monitored.
Diop Michel Bakar
Université Gaston Berger
Senegal
Title: Use of nisin-producing starter cultures of Lactococcus lactissubsp. lactis on cereal based-matrix to optimize preservative factors over fish fermentation at 30o C typical to Senegal
Time : 17:10 - 17:35
Biography:
Diop Michel Bakar received his PhD in Agricultural Sciences and Biological Engineering from the University of Liège Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech in Belgium in 2008. He is currently a Lecturer and head of the food technology Department at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aquaculture and Food Technology (UFR S2ATA) in Gaston Berger University, Senegal. He coordinates several research and extension projects through the Center for Research on Food Biotechnology and Assistance for Competitiveness (PREBAAC) and participated as panelist in the Second Senior Expert on Science, Technology and Innovation of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, held in Nairobi (Kenya) on December 2015.
Abstract:
An application of bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria to improve preservative factors over fish fermentation based on the most frequently used technique in Senegal was undertaken. Traditional fish fermentation performed by immersion in salted sea water and incubation at 30o C for 24 to 48 hours to develop flavor is characterized by a pH value around 7. The process led to the growth of Enterobacteriaceae to reach 9 log CFU/g. Four bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria characterized in previous works were screened for decarboxylating activities. Only cultures of two Lactoccus lactis subsp. lactis (B-1410 and B-1426) producing nisin, a heat stable antibacterial peptide, did not produce histamine and tyrosine regarded as undesirable compounds on seafood products. The two lactococcal starter cultures grew well on a substrate based on millet, a local cereal. The AU/ml minimum inhibitory concentration of the antibacterial neutralized supernatant of the bacteriocinogenic starter cultures against Listeria monocytogenes was lower to those of many food poisoning or spoilage bacteria. Then, pieces of lean (Podamassys jubelini) and fat (Arius heudelottii) fish inoculated with 104-5 CFU/g of Listeria monocytogenes, were immersed in the millet flour based substrate seeded with 106-7 CFU/g pure cultures of the nisinogenic bacteria to evaluate the control of the fermentation at 30o C. Listeria monocytogenes contaminated fish samples immersed in the millet-based substrate without starter cultures addition were used as negative controls. The starter culture fermentation gave the lowest fish pH reading. The pH was dropped and maintained to a final level lower to the minimum value for the growth of many Enterobacteriaceae genera reported in spoiled fish. The growth of Listeria monocytogenes was significantly inhibited by starter cultures compared to that in the negative controls. These results indicate that cultures of the two nisin producers on the new formulated matrix can be used to improve fish fermentation in Senegal.
Nora Mahfouf
University of. Annaba
Algeria
Title: Antibiotic activity of the essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. against seven bacterial strains
Time : 17:30 - 17:50
Biography:
tba
Abstract:
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) is a typically Mediterranean plant which occupies an important place in the pharmacopeias of the countries of the mediterranean coastline.
The purpose of this work is to evaluate the antibiotic activity of the essential oil of Rosemary (pure and diluted at 1/2, 1/4 1/8, 1/16 and 1/32) against seven bacterial strains. It is about Klebsiella pneumoniae not productive of carbapenemase (Kpc-), Klebsiella pneumoniae productive of carbapenemase (Kpc+), Acinetobacter S141, Escherichia coli S42, Serratia S103, Pseudomonas aeruginosa S72 and Staphylococcus aureus 178.
The analysis of the essential oil of Rosemary by GC / MS revealed the existence of 25 components and borneol (29.54%), verbenone (12.41%), beta linalool (11.14%) and camphor (10.45%) which are the major components. We note the presence of α pinène (3.79%).
The antibacterial effect of this oil proved to be very efficient against Kpc+, Acinetobacter S141 and Escherichia coli S42 which gave diameters of inhibition with pure oil and even, with very diluted oil. Serratia S103 and with a lesser degree Kpc- present an activity relatively moderated with the pure oil but remain interesting sensitivity, even with very diluted oil.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa S72 presents a medium sensitivity towards diluted oil but it is resistant to the pure one, contrary to Staphylococcus aureus which is sensitive only to pure oil and to dilution 1/2.
T I Mbata
Federal Polytechnic Nekede Owerri
Nigeria
Title: Effects of microbiological and physicochemical processes on the quality of complementary foods based on maize (Zea mays) fortification with Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea)
Time : 17:50 - 18:10
Biography:
T I Mbata is an Assistant Professor in Federal Polytechnic Nekede Owerri,Nigeria
Abstract:
Protein-energy malnutrition is a major health challenge attributed on the inappropriate complementary feeding practice, low nutritional quality of traditional complementary foods and high cost of quality protein-based complementary foods. Therefore the study was aimed at formulating a complementary food based on maize and Bambara groundnut with a view of reducing malnutrition in low income families.
Methods: The blends 70% maize, 30% Bambara groundnut were biochemically evaluated for proximate, minerals, amino acids profile, antinutritional factors, and functional properties using proprietary formula (Nutrend) as standard. The effect of some processing techniques of germination, roasting, fermentation, boiling, dehulling, and soaking on the proximate composition were determined. Antinutritional factors, functional properties, amino acids, soluble sugar contents of processed flour were also studied. The microbiological properties and sensory attributes were determined using standard methods. Titratable acidity as well as pH changes was obtained at 12 h interval during fermentation mediated by microorganisms present in the complementary food product.
Results: For Protein, the results were 15.0% for roasted Bambara groundnut maize germinated flour (RBMGF), 13.80% for boiled Bambara groundnut maize germinated flour (BBMGF), 15.18% for soaked Bambara groundnut maize germinated flour (SBMGF); values for maize flour and nutrend had 10.4% and 23.21% respectively. With respect to energy value, RBMGF, BBMGF, SBMGF, maize flour and nutrend had 494.9, 348.97, 356.49, 351 and 467.2 kcal respectively. The percentages of total essential amino acids in the composition of the blends were 36.9%, 40.7% and 38.9% for BBMGF, SBMGF and RBMGF, respectively, non-essential amino acids contents were 63.1%, 59.3% and 61.1% for BBMGF, SBMGF and RBMGF respectively. The mineral content, that is, calcium, potassium, magnesium and sodium, of formulated samples were higher than those obtained for maize flour and nutrend (P<0.05). The antinutrient composition of RBMGF and BBMGF were lower than of SBMGF. Boiling, sprouting, roasting, dehulling and fermentation significantly decreased the tannins and trypsin inhibitor levels. For the functional properties, water absorption capacity was between 2.40-2.81 g/ml, swelling capacity 0.40-0.66 g/ml, bulk density 0.60-0.76 g/ml and oil absorption capacity 1.22-1.40 g/ml for the formulated samples. The rats fed with the control diet exhibited better growth performance such as feed intake (1527 g) and body weight gain (93.8 g). Moreover, the protein quality parameters such as total digestibility, biological value, and net protein utilization were comparable within the same range as that of nutrend. The overall acceptability of SBMGF was rated higher than RBMGF, BBMGF and maize flour, but lower than nutrend. Germination, boiling, soaking and dehulling reduced the content of the flatus oligosaccharide of raffinose, stachyose and verbascose (P>0.05). The contents of other soluble sugars glucose and sucrose were increased by germination (P<0.05) and boiling (P>0.05). For the microbial status, microflora gradually changed from Gram negative enteric bacteria such as E. coli, Klebsiella sp and E. aerogenes, molds such as Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum, lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii and yeast, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae to be dominated by Gram positive lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts. All undesirable microorganisms such as coliforms with count between 2.9 x 102¬¬-1.3 x 102 cfu/ml and molds 1.00-4.00 x 104 cfu/ml which were present at the start of fermentation were totally eliminated by 24 h of fermentation. Yeasts and LAB growth counts in the complementary food varied between 4.44 and 7.36 log cfu/ml. LAB number increased from 5.40 to 7.36 log cfu/ml during fermentation. Yeasts increased from 4.44 to 5.60 log cfu/ml.
Conclusion: Based on the findings the application of Bambara groundnut fortification to traditional foods can promote the nutritional quality of African maize-based traditional foods with acceptable rheological and cooking qualities.
Wen-Shen Chu
Food Industry Research and Development Institute
Taiwan
Title: The 90-day oral toxicity study on locally developed GM potato line 2-1 in Sprague Dawley rats
Time : 18:30 - 18:50
Biography:
tba
Abstract:
The genetically modified (GM) Solanum tuberosum line 2-1 obtained by transforming an E. coli phytase gene into CK line was developed by Dr. Su-May Yu team in the Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan. The food safety assessment of the transgenic potato line 2-1 was conducted in Sprague Dawley rats by a 90-days feeding study. Potatoes from line 2-1 and parental potato line CK were incorporated into rodent diets at 67% and administered to Sprague Dawley rats (n=10/sex/group) for 90 days. The rodent diet containing corn starch was fed to an additional group as blank group. The measured parameters included clinical observation, body weight, feed consumption, clinical pathological toxicity (urea, blood and serum) and tissue pathological changes (organ weights and histopathological examination). All rats survived the 90-day feeding trial. The treatment group retained normal activity and did not show any toxic signs. Most measured parameters were normal. No significant toxic or dose-related effect on rats fed transgenic potato line 2-1 was detected in microscopic observations for histopathologic evaluation. However, significant differences were observed in the body weight gain, food consumption, hematology, blood biochemical indices and organ weights between the control and treatment groups, but the differences were within the normal range. In conclusion, the feeding trial performed with locally developed transgenic potato line 2-1 at a level of 67% in the diet does not lead to toxicologically relevant effects in male and female Sprague Dawley rats after a 90-day exposure. The results demonstrated that the genetic modification does not cause adverse effect on the parental potato CK line.
Michael Granvogl
Technical University of Munich
Chair for Food Chemistry
Germany
Title: Food-borne toxicantsâ€: Elucidation of Formation Pathways as well as Quantitation Experiments Using Stable Isotopically Labelled Compounds
Biography:
Michael Granvogl has completed his PhD as well as postdoctoral studies at the Chair for Food Chemistry (Technical University of Munich) under the supervision of Prof. Peter Schieberle. Actually, he is an â€Associate Professor†at the same facility. He has published about 30 papers in peer-reviewed journals and has been serving as a reviewer for about 20 different journals. Furthermore, he is well-known as a presenter around the globe participating in the most important conferences about flavor chemistry, Maillard chemistry, and food safety related topics
Abstract:
In the past, a lot of studies have been undertaken to mitigate the formation of the so-called “food-borne toxicants†during food manufacturing. But, in some cases, a formation pathway is not known or well understood, leading to approaches on the basis of "trial and error". Thus, beside the development of accurate, reliable, sensitive, and selective quantitation methods mostly on the basis of stable isotopically labelled standards, the elucidation of formation pathways and the knowledge of parameters influencing the generation of these toxicants is very important enabling systematic mitigation strategies. The lecture will demonstrate that the use of labelled compounds is not only recommended as internal standards for quantitation experiments, but they are also a useful tool to get deeper insights into the formation of food-borne toxicants. Thereby, the labeled compounds are used as precursors or intermediates to monitor their reactions in model systems or real food by mass spectrometry experiments, e.g., GC-MS or LC-MS/MS. In detail, the formation mechanisms of acrylamide, acrolein, and furan will be presented. Further, the development of quick and simple quantitation methods on the basis of headspace GC-MS analysis will be presented. Their robustness and reliability was proven in comparison to more time-consuming derivatization methods, exemplarily shown for the (E)-2-alkenals acrolein and crotonaldehyde by stable isotope dilution analysis (SIDA) using [13C3]-acrolein and synthesized [13C4]-crotonaldehyde.
Jan Kuhlmann
SGS Germany GmbH, Hamburg
Germany
Title: Natural Born Food Contaminants Pyrrolizidine and Tropane Alkaloids: Occurrence, Properties and Analysis
Biography:
Jan Kuhlmann has completed his PhD in chemistry at the University of Hamburg, Germany. He is leader of the department of chromatography at the SGS Multilab in Hamburg. SGS is a worldwide operating company for testing, inspection and certification. He has published 8 papers on analytical methods in reputed journals and is member of several expert groups for contaminants in foods. He also is member of DIN and works as German delegate in the ISO subcommittee TC34/SC11.
Abstract:
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) and tropane alkaloids (TA) are potentially harmful plant metabolites that occur frequently in nature. Plants seem to produce these substances in order to defend themselves against damage by herbivorous animals or other invasive organisms[1]. Thousands of plant species are known to produce PAs, of which several hundred different structures have been identified. They consist commonly of structurally non-diverse alkaloid bases that are esterified with a broad variety of one or two necin acids. From the perspective of food safety certain 1,2-unsaturated alkaloids, as for example retronecin and its derivatives, are of high relevance as several studies have indicated with evidence that they are assumed to cause genotoxic effects [2]. Since years PAs have been known to occur in honey but recently it seems also other foods, food supplements and pharmaceuticals of plant origin can be contaminated [3]. The reason herefore appears to be the accidental co-harvesting of PA and/or TA producing weeds together with the target crop. This makes a food-related estimation of potential contamination difficult as in most cases it is impossible to say what kind and amount of weeds might have been included. Risk assessment based on available analytical methods also seems to be difficult due to the limited number of PAs and TAs that are covered by recent methods. This presentation focuses on the identification of foods that might contain PAs & TAs as well as on the availability of analytical methods, their scope and comparability
Wen-Shen Chu
Food Industry Research and Development Institute
Taiwan
Title: The 90-day oral toxicity study on locally developed GM potato line 2-1 in Sprague-Dawley rats
Biography:
Wen Shen Chu has completed his PhD at the age of 36 years from University of Minnesota. He is the deputy director of Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, a non-profit research organization. He has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
The genetically modified (GM) Solanum tuberosum line 2-1 obtained by transforming an E. coli phytase gene into CK line was developed by Dr. Su-May Yu team in the Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan. The food safety assessment of the transgenic potato line 2-1 was conducted in Sprague–Dawley rats by a 90-days feeding study. Potatoes from line 2-1 and parental potato line CK were incorporated into rodent diets at 67% and administered to Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 10/sex/group) for 90 days. A rodent diet containing corn starch was fed to an additional group as blank group. The measured parameters included clinical observation, body weight, feed consumption, clinical pathological toxicity (urea, blood and serum) and tissues pathological changes (organ weights and histopathological examination). All rats survived the 90-day feeding trial. The treatment group retained normal activity and did not show any toxic signs. Most measured parameters were normal. No significant toxic or dose-related effect on rats fed transgenic potato line 2-1 was detected in microscopic observations for histopathologic evaluation. However, significant differences were observed in the body weight gain, food consumption, hematology, blood biochemical indices and organ weights between the control and treatment groups, but the differences were within the normal range. In conclusion, the feeding trial performed with locally developed transgenic potato line 2-1 at a level of 67% in the diet does not lead to toxicologically relevant effects in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats after a 90-day exposure. The results demonstrated that the genetic modification does not cause adverse effect on the parental potato CK line.
- Track 5: Advances in Food Quality and Processing
Track 7: Food Security and Food Policy
Track 11: Foodomics Approaches in Food Safety
Session Introduction
Zhiguo Li
University of Birmingham
UK
Title: Mechanical behaviour of single tomato fruit cells under compression at high speed
Biography:
Zhiguo Li has completed his PhD at the age of 27 years from Jiangsu University and is carrying out postdoctoral studies of Marie Curie Research Fellow from School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham. His research interest focuses on the evaluation and prevention of mechanical handling damage of fruits and vegetables. He has published 30 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as six journals of editorial board member of repute.Li was always invited to be Reviewer of 16 international journals in food engineering.
Abstract:
Mechanical characterization of single cells is vital to the macro-scale modelling and simulation of mechanical damage to fruits and vegetables. The mechanical behaviour of single cells in the tomato mesocarp tissue was characterized by micro-compression testing. Single cells of Elegance tomatoes were novel isolated by mechanical brushing from a mesocarp block into water in a beaker and then transferred into a chamber for micro-compression. In order minimise the effect of viscoelasticity and possible loss of water under compression, 20 single cells were compressed to a final deformation of 15% at 4900 μm/s which was much higher than the previous loading speed. The cells were treated as a solid sphere in order to model their elastic behaviour using the Hertz model. The cell geometry was characterized by the initial height, geometric mean diameter and sphericity and the elastic-plastic mechanics of cell were characterized by peak force Fmax, elastic modulus E and yield stress σy deduced by Kogut & Etsion (2002). There was a strong correlation between the initial height and geometric mean diameter, and a significant difference in the geometric mean diameter of cells before and after compression (P<0.05). Fmax increased with the cell diameter GMD1, but E and σy were independent of the cell geometric parameters as expected. The Fmax, E and σy of single cells in the mesocarp were 2.5±0.6 mN, 0.8±0.2 MPa and 0.03±0.01 MPa respectively. These cell mechanical parameters are intended to be used to model the relationship between macro-scale and micro-scale mechanics of tomato fruits.
Stephen Holroyd
Fonterra Research and Development Centre
New Zealand
Title: Non-targeted methods for detection of food adulteration
Biography:
Stephen Holroyd is a Research Programme Manager within Fonterra’s External Science & Technology team. His current responsibilities include leadership of research on analytical science and food processing. He has been the Chair of the International Dairy Federation (IDF) Standing Committee on Analytical Methods for Composition (SCAMC). He has 20 years of experience in the implementation of infrared analytical spectroscopy in oil and gas, pharmaceutical and food applications. He has a PhD in Chemistry from the University of Auckland (New Zealand) and Post-doctoral experience at Cambridge University (UK) and has published over 40 papers in peer-reviewed journals.
Abstract:
Food fraud costs the global industry several billion dollars every year, negatively affecting public confidence in food producers and regulators, and can result in unfortunate public health consequences. The use of non-targeted analytical methods to detect and deter adulteration in food ingredients has gained recent interest because of their potential ability to detect new unexpected adulterants that may enter supply chains. A multinational collaborative team led by a US Pharmacopeia expert panel is researching and developing a tool-box of non-targeted analytical methods and supporting reference materials for detecting adulteration in milk ingredients. This presentation will give an update on the outcomes to date of this collaborative effort, including studies conducted to evaluate and develop NIR, Raman, NMR, MALDI‒TOF‒MS, UPLC and wet-chemistry technologies. An update on the advancement of a US Pharmacopeial Convention Guidance on how to develop and validate non-targeted methods will also be provided, with a focus on clear use of terminology and a defined chain of logic for method validation. Lastly, the presentation will highlight the challenges ahead to advance the development and widespread utility of non-targeted methods.
Qingren Wang
University of Florida
USA
Title: Developing and implementing food safety approaches to vegetable industry in the USA
Time : 14:20 - 14:45
Biography:
Qingren Wang completed his Ph D in 1996 with a Sino-Australia joint program. He is an Extension Agent for Commercial Vegetables and Pesticide Licensing at UF/IFAS Miami-Dade Extension. He has published more than 130 papers in national and international journals
Abstract:
Food safety has become one of important priorities to consumers, producers and handlers because outbreak of a foodborne illness can cause serious health problems even death, and the producers or handlers may face bankruptcy and litigation consequences. To imprpve food safety the U.S. government has lauched a number of programs, such as Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs), Hazard Analysis of Critical Contro Points (HACCPs), and the final rule of Food Safety Modernizaiton Act (FSMA) for agricultural products including fresh vegetables as general guidelines to minimize food safety risks of microbiological, chemical and physical hazards. The implementation of these guidelines in various commodities of vegetable industry requires a development of the comprehensive extension program for specific crops during growing, harvesting, transportation, processing, packing, storage and handling of fresh vegetable products. The implementation of these programs is to focus on farm managers, on-site food safety coordinators, vegetable harvesters, shippers, packers, and processors to minimize any potential hazards associated with various aspects including land history, adjacent land use, water quality, worker hygiene, pesticide and fertilizer application, equipment sanitation, transportation, and processing procedures.
Alessandra Roncarati
Camerino University
Italy
Title: Quality traits and fatty acid profile of large-size farmed and wild marine fish
Time : 14:45-15:10
Biography:
Alessandra Roncarati is Associate Professor of Zooculture at Camerino University. She is involved in the field of aquaculture. Her research is aimed at improving the rearing techniques of aquatic organisms in order to optimize performance in terms of the quality of the final product. She has published more than 30 papers in refered journals.
Abstract:
In recent years, the quality of fish produced by aquaculture has been largely investigated at international level. Consumers are interested to know if it is better to eat farmed fish or those coming from a fishery. In particular, the debate is aimed at understanding whether the several health benefits attributed to the consumption of wild seafood, are also obtained from farmed fish, especially with respect to the fat content and fatty acid composition. Seafood is an important source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are essential in preventing disorders and cardiovascular diseases, thanks to their anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties. In the present paper, data on quality traits of wild and farmed fish will be discussed with particular regard to the lipid content and fatty acid profile. In species coming from a fishery, the meat lipid level and fatty acid composition are affected by several factors. The lipid content ranges from 0.5 to 20 g/100 g of fish, depending on the season, the food availability and water temperature. In this context, the high quality of fish caught in the Adriatic sea will be demonstrated. In farmed fish species, new rearing strategies are being adopted in order to produce large-size animals, as in sea bass farming weighing 800-1200 g, to diversify the final marketable size. In the evaluation of fish meat quality obtained with aquaculture practice, it will be shown that the fatty acid profile of flesh reflects mainly the fatty acid profile of the feed administered. The final nutritional flesh quality in relation to diet will be discussed, also considering the replacement of fishmeal and fish oil with innovative feedstuffs.
Stan Kubow
McGill University
Canada
Title: Polyphenol-rich apple peel extract inhibits formation of carcinogenic heterocyclic amines in pan fried beef patties
Time : 15:10 - 15:35
Biography:
Stan Kubow is an Associate Professor at Dietetics and Human Nutrition at McGill University. He has 107 peer-reviewed research publications in clinical and human population studies, animal models and cell culture examining the impact of foods, nutrients and phytochemicals on a variety of disease outcomes. He is the Editorial Board Member of Nutrition and Medicine Journal, Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism and Journal of Lipids. Ten PhD and 29 MSc students have graduated under his supervision. His current research activities study the impact of nutritional interventions against the metabolic syndrome, gut and lung inflammatory diseases, and environmental toxicants
Abstract:
There exists a high risk for colorectal cancer for individuals who frequently eat grilled meat containing elevated levels of heterocyclic amines (HCAs). HCAs are carcinogens formed in meats via the Maillard reaction involving creati(ni)ne, amino acids and sugars. The risk of HCAs exposure could be reduced by adding an ingredient during the cooking of meat to prevent their production. Population studies suggest protection against the development of HCAs-induced colon cancer by high dietary intake of flavonoids, which are found in fruits and vegetables. Dried apple peel (DAPP) is a rich source of flavonoids, which could inhibit HCAs formation in fried meats via antioxidant mechanisms. The efficacy of polyphenol-rich DAPP to inhibit formation of the 3 most abundant HCAs [2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5f] quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1-ethyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) and 2-amino-3,4,8-dimethylimidazo [4,5-f] quinoxaline (4,8 DiMeIQx)] during frying of beef patties was assessed after DAPP was applied at 0.1, 0.15 and 0.3% either on the surface of the patties or mixed inside the patty prior to frying. HCAs concentrations decreased (p<0.05) upon both surface and mixed applications of DAPP at all doses. Surface application of 0.3% DAPP showed greater (p<0.05) inhibitory effects on HCA formation by 68% for MeIQx, 56% for 4,8 DiMeIQx and 83% for PhIP as opposed to 41%, 21% and 60% respectively, for the mixed DAPP application of 0.3%. The present results indicate that application of DAPP in meat preparation prior to pan-frying can be a useful approach to minimize the formation of genotoxic HCAs in fried beef patties.
Zhaowei Zhang
Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
China
Title: Simultaneous detection for multiplexed mycotoxins by using immunological and LC-MS/MS in food and feed
Time : 15:35 - 16:00
Biography:
TBA
Abstract:
Multiplexed mycotoxins with strong carcinogenesis and toxicity are fatal threats in food and feed safety, and require highly sensitive and high-throughput detections greatly. Rapid immunoassay and arbitration detection methods play a critical role on two sides of one coin. In the rapid immunoassay, a series of high specific and high affinity monoclonal antibody, recombinant antibody, and nanobody against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and zearalenone (ZEA), etc, were developed as the key recognition reagents. Based on these specific antibodies, simultaneous detection for multiplexed mycotoxins was studied by using the Au (or Europium)-based lateral flow strip and non-fouling antigen microarray. The limit of detection was lowered down to pg mL-1 level (0.3 pg mL-1), depending on mycotoxins in food and feed samples. On the other hand, simultaneous arbitration detection method based on LC-MS/MS was investigated. Either multiplexed immunoaffinity column or solid phase extraction column was used in the sample extraction. The internal standard allowed precise determination of mycotoxins regardless of matrices. Multiplexed mycotoxins (AFB1, B2, G1, G2, OTA, ZEA, and T-2 toxin) were successfully identified by using a new multi-immunoaffinity column in a single run. Furthermore, a promising proposal was suggested to achieve the rapid, sensitive, ultra high-throughput detection of 96-384 contaminants in food and feed, including biotoxins, pesticides, veterinary drugs, etc., based on immunochemiluminescence biosensors using Hadamard transformation imaging (iHT)
Akos Mesterhazy
Cereal Research non-profit Ltd.,
Hungary
Title: Resistance of wheat and maize to toxigenic fungi as basic tool of the regulation of toxin contamination
Biography:
Akos Mesterhazy is the member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He works since 1972 in the Cereal Research Institute. He has 46 years background in resistance research and breeding of cereals. He found that the most important toxin regulation agent is the resistance level, therefore the increase of the resistance is the key. Besides breeding, the elaboration of a more effective fungicide technology and methodology was also developed. The increase of the food and feed safety has been the centrum of his activity for decades and become an internationally acknowledged research centrum.
Abstract:
The most important food safety risks in cereals are caused by toxigenic fungi. The general experience is that high toxin contamination closely connected to susceptible cultivars. As most cultivars in common production are susceptible, it depends mostly on the weather the outbreak and severity of the epidemic and the toxin contamination. The resistance screenings in wheat verified this experience. Therefore, the question was how far the disease resistance determines toxin contamination. Thousands of commercial cultivars, and breeding lines from FHB program were tested in the past decades. The best trait to signalize deoxynivalenol (DON) reaction is the rate of Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK). Ten to 20 times differences between genotype occur regularly. The resistance to the different Fusarium spp. is the same, QTLs are species-neutral, the breeding against F. graminearum determines resistance also to the other Fusarium species. The correlation between FDK and DON is normally above r=0.80 in experimental series, indicating the decisive role of the resistance in the control of toxin contamination. However, there were found genotypes with DON overproduction and DON resistance, but their significance is of secondary importance. In maize the situation is similar, but it is more complicated. The resistance against the three main pathogens F. graminearum, F. verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus agrees seldom, in most hybrids they diverge. The genetic background is unknown. Here the agreement between infection severity and toxin contamination is more variable, larger ± differences occur in toxin overproduction and resistance than in wheat. However, the genotypes can be identified with lower risk in production. There are genotypes that have 2-4 times higher toxin contamination than others at the same infection severity. For this reason without toxin measurements no food safety risk assessment is possible. To this we need well planned tests with artificial inoculations with at least two different isolates of the given pathogens. The cultivar resistance differences are very large, 10 times or higher, so a regular screening advises us to choose the more resistant hybrids for commercial production. The lesson is the preventing of the toxin contamination is mainly the increase of the resistance. When we do not control it, under epidemic conditions the toxin contamination can be so high that its control will be impossible. Fungicides control with improved technology may give 70-80 % DON reduction in wheat. We have in Hungary medium resistant cultivars in commercial production that can be harvested with a fungicide preventive control so that no additional cleaning and other means are necessary in order to secure the food safety standard. The maize is more complicated, the fungicide protection is yet in experimental phase, guaranteed technology does not yet exists. Therefore the role of resistance is even higher. The detoxification is expensive, if works at all. Separation of FDK kernels is working in wheat in milling plants, but it increases costs and decreases yield. As ecological and epidemic risk conditions are different, the needed resistance level can be different in different continents and regions. Therefore, to secure food safety the preference of the more resistant genotypes is the key at cultivar registration test. When this required, the breeding firms should adapt to the new requirements and breed more resistant cultivars. Of course, agronomy should updated to provide efficient integrated plant management.
: Hsiao-Ping Lee
Refining & Manufacturing Research Institute, Chinese Petrolum Corporation
Taiwan
Title: Teratogenesis Study in Rats fed N-Acetyl Glucosamine Produced by Chitinibacter tainanensis Fermentation
Biography:
Hsiao-Ping Lee has completed her PhD at the age of 29 years from National TsingHua University. She is a quality assurance manager in RMRI .
Abstract:
N-Acetyl glucosamine (NAG), a fermentation product conducted by Chitinibacter tainanensis, is safe to use according to the 90-day rat feeding results. This research further investigated the embryonic development during gestation by the NAG uptake.
A total of 96 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. NAG at daily dosage of 0 (D.I. water), 1.5, 3 or 5 g/Kg bw were given orally from the 6th to the 15th day of pregnancy. Rats were scarified and dissected at 20 days post coitum (dpc) to observe the fetal development and maternal reproductive performance. The results revealed that orally administrated NAG had no obvious effects upon the sex ratio and average weight of fetuses. Additionally, histological checks showed no morphological abnormalities on the appearances, organs and skeletons. The performance of maternal reproduction estimated by the number of corpora lutea, implants, dead implants, resorptions, and % of pre- and post-implantation loss had no significant difference among all groups. To sum up, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of NAG for pregnant rat was 5 g/Kg bw/day, equivalent to 100 times of the recommended dose for human (3 g/60 Kg bw/day). NAG produced by the new species, C. tainanensis, is considered to be safely used.
Hsiao-Ping Lee
Refining & Manufacturing Research Institute, Chinese Petrolum Corporation
Taiwan
Title: Teratogenesis Study in Rats fed N-Acetyl Glucosamine Produced by Chitinibacter tainanensis Fermentation
Time : 12:15 - 12:35
Biography:
Hsiao-Ping Lee has completed her PhD at the age of 29 years from National TsingHua University. She is a quality assurance manager in RMRI .
Abstract:
N-Acetyl glucosamine (NAG), a fermentation product conducted by Chitinibacter tainanensis, is safe to use according to the 90-day rat feeding results. This research further investigated the embryonic development during gestation by the NAG uptake.
A total of 96 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. NAG at daily dosage of 0 (D.I. water), 1.5, 3 or 5 g/Kg bw were given orally from the 6th to the 15th day of pregnancy. Rats were scarified and dissected at 20 days post coitum (dpc) to observe the fetal development and maternal reproductive performance. The results revealed that orally administrated NAG had no obvious effects upon the sex ratio and average weight of fetuses. Additionally, histological checks showed no morphological abnormalities on the appearances, organs and skeletons. The performance of maternal reproduction estimated by the number of corpora lutea, implants, dead implants, resorptions, and % of pre- and post-implantation loss had no significant difference among all groups. To sum up, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of NAG for pregnant rat was 5 g/Kg bw/day, equivalent to 100 times of the recommended dose for human (3 g/60 Kg bw/day). NAG produced by the new species, C. tainanensis, is considered to be safely used.
Vic Shao-Chih Chiang
Fujian Centre for Disease Control & Prevention
China
Title: Metal concentrations in breastmilk of Fuzhou nursing mothers associates with dietary and lifestyle factors
Time : 12:35 - 12:55
Biography:
TBA
Abstract:
Metal intake greatly influences physiological development during infancy. For infants, breastmilk is the major route of metal exposure. The metal status of their nursing mothers is affected by lifestyle and nutritional factors. However, the relationship between these factors and breastmilk metal concentration is largely unknown. The present study provided food frequency questionnaires to be completed by 113 nursing mothers from Fujian Provincial Hospital. Their breastmilk samples were analysed for the metal concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometery (ICP-MS). Based on the outcome of the questionnaires and ICP-MS results, a total of 94 samples were deemed valid for further data analyses. Results showed levels of breastmilk lead (Pb) and iron (Fe) were outside the reference range from authoritative data. Correlation analyses found Pb levels to negatively associate with dietary fibre intake. Additionally, Fe levels were negatively associated with alcohol and dairy consumption. In terms of Zn levels, it was positively associated with tea and vitamin B1 intake. Zn was also negatively associated with seafood consumption. The study concluded dietary factors to associate with metal levels within breastmilk. Recommendations were made to increase consumption of dietary fibre, tea and foods rich in vitamin B1 for gestational and postpartum women. Conversely, alcohol consumption continues to be discouraged for this population. Furthermore, careful considerations need to be taken for levels of dairy and seafood intake to minimize metal metabolism disruptions. Infant metal exposure requires critical attention and this needs to be initiated through the diet and lifestyle of their nursing mothers.
Md Saifullah
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council
Bangladesh
Title: Food security, nutritious and safe foods in Bangladesh
Time : 12:55 - 13:15
Biography:
Md Saifullah has completed his PhD from Bangladesh Agricultural University and Postdoctoral studies from North Dakota State University, Department of Plant Sciences. He is the Principal Scientific Officer of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council a premier apex body of National Agricultural Research Systems, Bangladesh. He has published more than 51 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as Research Policy and Coordinator of National Agricultural Research Systems, Bangladesh.
Abstract:
Bangladesh attains self sufficiency in food grain production despite decreasing of agricultural land. Rice production has increased 3.18 times (33.5 mt), wheat 12.25 times (1.30 mt) and maize production increased 757.0 times (2.5 mt) from 2071-72 to 2013-14. Vegetable production has increased 79 times (3.13 mt) and potato production increased 3.6 times (8.4 mt) from 1971-72 to 2013-14. Production share of aquaculture about 58% of the total fish production in 2013-14 (3.50 mt) and Bangladesh stands fourth in the world in producing sweet water fish. Foods in Bangladesh are now available but nutritious balance diet intake and unsafe foods are big challenges. The problem persists at different level of the food chain from preparation to consumption like manufacturers, processors, restaurants, fast food outlets etc. Foods are unsafe or adulterated by using various harmful chemicals and artificial colors, stored, sold and served to consumers in an unhygienic atmosphere in many cases. It is endangering public health seriously with numerous acute and chronic diseases. Our future generation will be seriously affected with vulnerable physical and mental growth with the intake of unsafe foods. The paper describes the socioeconomic conditions, nutritious foods, common and occupational hazards of food vendors, microbial risk associated with safe foods, safety interventions, control measures, regulatory aspects and legal requirements, financial constraints and attitudes. The study intend to inform the current scenario of foods intake, impact of consumption of unsafe foods on human health and wish to bring a positive change through proper measures by the concerned regulatory authorities.
Hessam Khodabandehlo
Islamic Azad University
Iran.
Title: Study of fatty acids profiles in beef breed Sistani (Iranian race)
Time : 15:20 - 15:40
Biography:
he
Abstract:
Whatever you read in this research’s paper is the evaluation of the quality and quantity of liquid acid existed in the Iranian-cow-race of Sistani. Through this research the profile of lipid acid is extracted from sample by the solvent. Then via the G.C, machine tested. The mono lipid acid in cow meat is called oleic acid which performed about 33% of all profile samples. And contained 25% Palmitic acid.
Nigel G. Halford
Rothamsted Research, Harpenden United Kingdom
Title: Reducing the acrylamide-forming potential of wheat, rye and potato
Biography:
Nigel Halford graduated from Liverpool University in 1983, obtained a Masters degree from UCL in 1984 and his PhD from the CNAA while at Rothamsted in 1989. In 1991 he moved to Long Ashton Research Station near Bristol but returned to Rothamsted in 2002. He is the author of >120 papers and several books. His research programme concerns the genetics of metabolic regulation in crops, how plant metabolism is affected by stress and how it can be manipulated for crop improvement. Professor Halford is Visiting Professor at Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Special Professor at the University of Nottingham.
Abstract:
Acrylamide is a processing contaminant that was discovered in a range of popular foods in 2002. It forms from free asparagine and reducing sugars via similar pathways to browning colours, aromas and flavours, during high-temperature cooking and processing, and is classified as a Class 2a carcinogen. Cereal and potato products, along with coffee, are the major contributors to dietary acrylamide intake. Projects have been conducted on reducing the acrylamide-forming potential of wheat, rye, and potato, involving groups from Rothamsted Research, John Innes Centre, James Hutton Institute, the University of Reading, and consortia of organisations and companies from the respective supply chains. The studies have shown significant differences between varieties of all three crops with respect to acrylamide-forming potential. In cereals, free asparagine concentration is the limiting factor for acrylamide formation, and this is the parameter on which varietal selection should be based. In potato the relationship between precursor conentration and acrylamide formation is more complex, but reducing sugars account for most of the variance in the majority of datasets. The genetic control of free asparagine accumulation in grains and tubers has been investigated. Environmental factors (E) also have significant effects, on their own and in combination with varietal differences (G × E), and crop management is important: Sulphur deficiency, for example, causes a massive accumulation of free asparagine in wheat grain. Plant breeders must engage on the acrylamide issue or risk losing market share to those who do, but the problem is made more difficult by the link between browning, flavour and acrylamide formation. It must also be remembered that cereals and potatoes are hugely important to global food security and significant health benefits are associated with eating wholegrain cereal products
Shaun MacMahon
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
USA
Title: Multiplex Methods in the Regulatory Analysis of Undeclared Food Allergens
Biography:
Shaun MacMahon is the Branch Chief for the Chemical Contaminants Branch at the U.S. FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
Abstract:
Food allergies affect an estimated 3% of the population and 6% of children, with an increasing number of people suffering from multiple food allergies. The 2004 Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) mandated labeling of foods containing egg, milk, peanut, soy, wheat, tree nuts, crustacean seafood, and fish; these allergens are responsible for 90% of the food allergies in the United States. To enforce FALCPA, antibody-based assays such as ELISAs are commonly employed. While ELISA methods are generally sensitive and robust, they have limitations. As the kits are analyte specific, different assays must be employed in order to detect each of the different food allergens. FDA’s research efforts have focused on the development of methods capable of detecting multiple food allergens, including xMAP, DNA- and mass spectrometry-based methods. This talk will review these methods and their application to the detection of allergens in foods in the United States.
- Track 1: Food Safety Regulatory Affairs
Track 8: Advances in Food Management
Track 10: Impacts of New Development in Food Industry
Track 11: Food Preservation, Quality Standard and Food Management Systems
Track 12: Novel Foods, Processes and Nanomaterials
Session Introduction
Rakia Aladi
Food Security Officer OK FOODS
Cameroon
Title: Farmer’s indigenous practices for conserving and preserving Gnetum africanum (commonly known as Eru) in the humid forest zones of Cameroon
Biography:
Rakia Aladi holds a BSc in Food Management and currently working as a middle class Food Security Officer with OK FOODS Cameroon. Presently, she is working on farmers indigenous practices for conserving and preserving Gnetum africanum (commonly known as Eru) in the humid forest zones of Cameroon. She has worked for 6 years in this domain and is very ambitious to gain more expertise in this field.
Abstract:
Traditional approaches for conservation and preservation of Gnetum africanum was assessed by a survey of 15 villages (three per region) in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Four major land use systems {evergreen forest, degraded forest, bush fallow (10years and over) and food crop fields} were identified as major niches for the species. The distribution of the plant stands varied from region to region. Gnetum africanum is intensively harvested (up to four times per week through the year) and reported to generate substantial income (average US$ 2,630 per household annum). Indigenous practices used by farmers to protect the specie include selective clearing during land preparation for cropping, sustainable bark harvesting of stands in wild population, transportation of wildings, artificial propagation and recognition of individual property ownership on certain wild stands. Methodology includes 15 villages randomly selected in 5 regions (three villages per region) of the humid forest zone of Cameroon spanning 90 households. These households were randomly sampled by interview using a questionnaire focusing on the farmer awareness of the specie (as compared to other species), the exploitation regimes (mode of harvesting and utilization), the revenue and the conservation strategy (traditional practices used by farmers to protect and maintain the plant population). Field measurement was done based on the following aspects: habitat or preferred niches of the specie (place where the specie is usually found and harvested) and the specie frequency per niche (how often the specie is found in their habitat as compared to other species).
Shiqiong Chen
Beijing Haidian District Products Supervision and Inspection Institute
China
Title: Survey of aflatoxin M1 in commercial milk and dairy products in northern China
Time : 11:30 - 11:55
Biography:
Shiqiong Chen completed Ph. D. degree in Food Science and Nutrition Engineering Department, China Agricultural University, 2005 Her research interests are research of rapid detection methods in food inspection, including detection of common foodborne microorganism, GM ingredients in food, Authentic test of food ingredients, food additives et al..
Abstract:
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contamination in milk and dairy products is a potential risk for human health. From 1st January, 2011 to 30th September, 2015, 3218 milk and dairy products were bought randomly from supermarkets in north part of China. AFM1 in these products was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the positive samples were confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that the concentration of aflatoxin M1 in one yogurt sample was 0.80 μg/kg, and that in one raw milk sample was 0.5 μg/kg. Those two products were unqualified for consumption according to GB 2761-2011. These survey results indicated that because the climate in northern China is usually dry, the feedstuff to cattle which had gone mouldy and had been contaminated by Aflatoxin B1 is unusual. So the milk and dairy products contaminated by Aflatoxin M1 is also unusual.
Alessandra Bertoli
University of Pisa
Italy
Title: Botanical authentication and certification for consumer safety
Biography:
Alessandra Bertoli is a Researcher at University of Pisa-Department of Pharmacy (SSD Pharmaceutical Biology; ERC Plant Science). She completed her Master’s Degree on “The Quality System in the Analytical Chemistry Laboratory” (University of Parma); Post-doctoral Position at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences-Faculty of Pharmacy (University of Calabria); PhD on Science and Technology in Medicinal Plants (University of Pisa); Degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies (University of Pisa). She is involved in national and international Research Projects and is an invited Lecturer. She is the Co-author of more than 100 publications (book chapters, articles, posters and oral communications).
Abstract:
Botanical authentication has to be considered as a fundamental step to guarantee the consumer safety of botanical food supplements. Nowadays, National and International Pharmacopoeia as well as EMEA, ESCOP, and WHO commissions provide monographs on several medicinal and aromatic plants to get information on their traditional uses and quality control guidelines. EFSA compendium establishes the list of medicinal and aromatic plants which it is possible to include in botanical food supplements sold in the European market. Due to the enhancing industrial interest consistent with the continuous customer's trusted approach to "natural products", the scientific research community has required urgently to provide suitable protocols and procedures in the quality control of the plant raw material and derivatives during the whole productive and marketing chains. Multidisciplinary research studies combining botanical, agronomic, and phytochemical analysis should be promoted in order to guarantee important results in the establishment of feasible and effective quality control procedures, international certification and, consequently, in the identification of customers' health risks.
Sibu C Padmanabhan
University College Cork
Ireland
Title: The modification of polymer substrates and their improved antimicrobial activity for use in active packaging applications
Biography:
Sibu C Padmanabhan has completed his PhD in 2005 from Cochin University of Science and Technology and Post-doctoral studies from Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. He is currently working as Reseach Fellow at University College Cork, Ireland. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as referee for a number of RSC and Elsevier Journals.
Abstract:
Prolonging the shelf life of food is one of the biggest challenges the food industry is facing, which when improved could decrease food decomposition, add value and also help ease food sustainability concerns. This talk would present a possible methodology for integrating antimicrobial functionality onto some of the existing polymer based food wrapping materials. The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles, including silver, that have been integrated onto the polymer substrates using some green chemicals, would be discussed along with the pros and cons of using it for food packaging based on results.
Alfred Mitema
University of Cape Town
South Africa
Title: Advanced metabolomics strategies and rapid screening for aflatoxigenic and atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus isolates from Kenya for the ability to produce aflatoxins
Time : 12:40-13:00
Biography:
Alfred Mitema has upgraded from MSc to PhD from University of Cape Town South Africa. He is from western part of Kenya and graduated from Technical University of Kenya in 2012.
Abstract:
Food spoilage and poisoning pathogens lead to pre and post harvest losses of crop produce and feed stuff leading to food insecurity and safety worldwide. Aflatoxins are fungal toxins derived from some strains of Aspergillus flavus. Kenya has experienced worst outbreak of aflatoxin poisoning where 317 cases and 215 deaths reported. This problem appears endemic to certain Kenyan regions as every year cases are reported. Maize kernels were collected from four counties, surface sterilized, plated on potato dextrose and coconut cream agar (CAM). Single-spored A. flavus isolates were identified phenotypically, screened for mycotoxin production and findings validated through advanced metabolomic fingerprinting approaches (TLC, HPLC and LC-MS/MS). Mycotoxin detection by CAM revealed that out of 37 isolates screened under UV light (365 nm) fluoresced blue (57%, n=21) and (43%, n=16) green. Makueni, Nandi, Kisumu and Homa Bay counties (78%, n=7; 33%, n=3; 67%, n=6 and 50%, n=5) fluoresced blue whereas (22%, n=2; 67%, n=6; 33%, n=3; and 50%, n=5) fluoresced green respectively. From our findings, we concluded that strains from Makueni (78%, n=7) might be producers of aflatoxin AFB1, AFB2, the most potent mycotoxins as compared to other counties. This could be so far a reason why there is high risk of constant aflatoxicosis in Makueni as compared to other three counties
Alessandra Bertoli
University of Pisa
Italy
Title: Botanical authentication and certification for consumer safety
Time : 12:20-12:40
Biography:
Researcher at University of Pisa-Department of Pharmacy (SSD Pharmaceutical biology; ERC Plant Science). Educational Background: Master Degree on “The Quality System in the Analytical Chemistry Laboratory†(University of Parma); Post Doctoral Position at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences-Faculty of Pharmacy (University of Calabria); PhD on Science and Tecnology in Medicinal Plants (University of Pisa); Degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies (University of Pisa). Involved in National and International Research Projects and invited lecturer, she is co-author of more than 100 pubblications (book chapters, articles, posters and oral communications).
Abstract:
Botanical authentication has to be considered a fundamental step to guarantee the consumer safety
of botanical food supplements. Nowdays, National and International Pharmacopoeia as well as
EMEA, ESCOP, and WHO commissions provide monographs on several medicinal and aromatic
plants to get information on their traditional uses and quality control guidelines. EFSA compendium
establishes the list of medicinal and aromatic plants which it is possible to include in botanical food
supplements sold in the European market.
Due to the enhancing industrial interest consistent with the continuous customer's trusted approach
to "natural products", the scientific research community has required urgently to provide suitable
protocols and procedures in the quality control of the plant raw material and derivatives during the
whole productive and marketing chains.
Multidisciplinary research studies combining botanical, agronomic, and phytochemical analysis
should be promoted in order to guarantee important results in the establishment of feasible and
effective quality control procedures, international certification and, consequently, in the
identification of customers' health risks.
R. R. Sharma
Division of Food Science & Postharvest Technology
India
Title: Particle film technology for producing safe and attractive apples
Time : 13:00 - 13:20
Biography:
TBA
Abstract:
TBA
C N Ohalete
Imo State University
Nigeria
Title: Microbiological examination of some products from white and yellow cassava varieties
Time : 13:05 - 14:15
Biography:
C N Ohalete is an Assistant Professor working in Department of Microbiology, Imo State University, Owerri.
Abstract:
Two cassava varieties TMS98/0505 (white) and TMS05/0473 (yellow) were processed into four different products each. The Microbiological analysis and sensory properties of the products from both cassava varieties (Garri, fufu, flour and tapioca) were examined. Microorganisms identified and isolated from the samples include; Enterobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Proteus vulgaris, Micrococcus spp., for bacteria identification while the fungi identified include Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Rhizopus spp., Mucor spp. These microbial composition and the sensory properties were evaluated. The total microbial count ranged from 9.0×102 cfug-1 for sample 1 (produced from white cassava variety) to 4.8×102 cfug-1 in sample 5 (flour produced using white cassava variety). The samples showed combined positivity and negativity to the morphological, microscopic and biochemical test processes for bacteria and fungi. The sensory properties evaluation had values of results ranging from 6.3±1.2 to 2.61±1.2 with sample 4 having the highest value while sample 2 had the lowest value and differing significantly (p>0.05) texture ranged from 6.1±1.7 to 4.07±1.8. However, overall acceptability ranged from 6.31±1.8 to 4.10±1.2 for sample 8 and sample 6 respectively. The overall acceptability showed significant difference at (p<0.05) among all other samples.
I Matle
Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute
South Africa
Title: The relationship between hygiene assessment system audit scores and the bacteriological status of single species in red meat abattoirs in the Free State province, South Africa
Time : 14:15-14:40
Biography:
I Matle is working as an Assistant Professor in Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa.
Abstract:
The Hygiene Assessment System (HAS) is an audit checklist that is used to measure the hygiene status of the abattoir. The final HAS score for individual abattoirs is graded to a sum of 100, and is interpreted as a measurement of the potential risk to public health. Theoretically, the final HAS score reflects the likelihood of safe meat being produced in that specific abattoir on the day of audit. The aim of the study was to test the association between the HAS scores and the bacteriological contamination in 6 single species high throughput abattoirs in the Free State province. This was done to validate the efficiency of the HAS score as a measure for meat safety and to determine the extent to which HAS audit score and bacteriological tests mirror each other. Each abattoir was visited once and the audit was performed according to official HAS: Four carcasses were sampled at 4 different carcass sites at 3 processing stations; and 10 direct air samples were collected from the slaughter floors. All the abattoirs showed compliance with the meat safety legislation since the total HAS scores ranged from 68 to 94. However, it was found that the effectiveness of HAS audits as a measure of food safety was questionable, since it does not demonstrate the risk/impact of non-compliance. The microbiological analysis for both carcass and air samples included the test for aerobic plate count (APC), E. coli, Salmonella species and Staphylococcus aureus. The APC for the abattoirs ranged from undetectable to 9.9x104 CFU.m-2 for carcass surfaces and for bioaerosols it was 0 to 2.4x102 CFU.m-3. The total count for E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella species exceeded the national maximum acceptable limits. These results highlight the possibility of the occurrence of foodborne diseases in the human population. In addition, the relationship between E. coli, S. aureus, Salmonella spp., APC, and total HAS scores, revealed no significant relationship. These findings further justify the fact that HAS audits should not be used as a measure of meat safety. The results also suggested the importance of the inclusion of bacterial tests in meat safety audits because a high HAS score does not signify that meat is entirely safe for human consumption.
Ogunsina Babatunde Sunday
Obafemi Awolowo University
Nigeria
Title: New perspectives in the utilization of Moringa oleifera as a panacea for malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa
Time : 15:20 - 15:40
Biography:
Ogunsina Babatunde Sunday has obtained his PhD degree in Agricultural Engineering from University of Ibadan. In 2009, he won the prestigious United Nations University Fellowship which was undertaken at the Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India. In addition, he got the Israeli Mashav scholarship in 2006 and 2011. He teaches in the Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Department, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria; focusing his research on processing and value addition to tropical oil seeds. He has spoken at many local and international conferences with over 30 published articles in reputable journals to his credit.
Abstract:
The Sub-Sahara African tropics is bountifully blessed with many underutilized oilseeds and legumes which are fast gaining research attention as alternative sources of protein. The impact that climate change places on food production and the prevalence of malnutrition in the region provides impetus for the exploitation of these underutilized seeds and development of appropriate technologies to optimize their potentials as vegetable proteins. In this report, Moringa oleifera is presented as a panacea for malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa; where, though it blossoms, its potentials have not been fully explored. Substantial literatures abound on M. oleifera leaves, flowers and tender immature pods as important vegetables; especially in India and Africa. Hitherto, M. oleifera seeds are known more for its trado-medicinal use and as a material for water clarification; but it is seldom reported as an oilseed protein. Moringa oleifera seeds contain 36.2 g of crude proteins (essentially 23, 17.5, 8, and 8 g/100 g of glutamine, arginine, leucine and cysteine as the major amino acids) and 43.6 g of oleic acid-rich crude fat per 100 g of seeds. The novelty of this report therefore lies’ in the exploitation of M. oleifera seeds as a valuable oil seed and protein enrichment in functional foods products.
Michael Rychlik
Analytical Food Chemistry
Technical University of Munich
Title: Emerging, Modified and Masked Mycotoxins in Foods– Current Risk Assessments
Biography:
Michael Rychlik is the Head of the Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry t at the Technical University of Munich, Germany (TUM). He graduated in food chemistry at the University of Kaiserslautern in 1988. His PhD studies on the flavour of bread were completed in 1996 and he was appointed professor at the TUM in 2010. His group has been working for 15 years in the field of developing analytical methods for bioactive food components, in particular for vitamins, mycotoxins, odourants and lipids. For these compounds, he developed stable isotope dilution assays that reveal superior accuracy
Abstract:
According to a WHO estimation about 25% of agricultural commodities are contaminated with mycotoxins world-wide. In cereals, the most common fungal genus involved is Fusarium. Major Fusarium toxins such as deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisins are regulated by EU legislation. Analytical food chemistry has developed accurate LC-MS/MS methods for controlling these contaminants. However, during the last years so called “modified†[1] or “emerging†mycotoxins have been discovered, which are either plant metabolites of the fungal toxins or produced by other ubiquitous fungi such as Alternaria species, respectively. Targeted approaches have been developed to accurately quantitate „emerging“ and „modified“ mycotoxins along with multi-analyte approaches based on stable isotope dilution assays (SIDAs) [2] for efficient mycotoxin control. In this regard, most Fusarium toxins and major modifications were included and detected in cereal products. Besides, major Alternaria toxins were analyzed and risk assessments along with management actions for infant foods were initiated. Moreover, non-targeted approaches were initiated to screen for other fungal metabolites. Despite the current analytical developments in metabolomics, mycotoxin analysis still is challenging with regard to accurate quantitation and newly identified compounds. However, risk assessment and preventing hazards for the consumers requires data on exposure and toxicological properties, which are still lacking for many substances
Catherine Bowe
Northumbria University
United Kingdom
Title: The impact of spore aggregation on viable and total counts of bacterial spores in model fruit juices
Biography:
Catherine completed her PhD in probiotic viability assessment from Northumbria University in 2015 and has since been working on an NIHR funded project into exploring the potential for progressive cuisine in quality of life improvement for head and neck cancer survivors. As well as this, she is actively contributing to research in the Food Engineering and Separation of Actives lab at Northumbria Univeristy. Her research interests include flow cytometry, microbiology, food chemistry and microscopy.
Abstract:
Contamination of ambient stable fruit juices is a common concern for all drinks manufacturers. It is imperative that an accurate bacterial enumeration method is in place to avoid over or under-estimating the remaining bacterial count in all products. Aggregation can be common in spore forming organisms such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (a food spoilage organism) and Bacillus cereus (a food poinsoning organism). In this communication, spores of B. subtilis, a good safe alternative to model pathogenic organisms, were exposed to different model fruit juices and their total counts as well as viable counts were assessed by plating and flow cytometry (FCM)
Aims
• To assess the perceived viable counts of spores across a range of different pH conditions and compare these with the total counts via FCM
• Compare these results with spore counts with a non-ionic surfactant present to gain an insight into ‘true’ counts
Spores were examined in simulated fruit juice at pH 0.5, 1 3 and 5, acidified with citric acid. Flow cytometry (FCM) was implemented to measure viability, physiology and total counts of spores. Viability was also analysed by plating. Particle size distribution (PSD) was also carried out on spores with and without Tween 20, and the size of aggregates compared
In the present research, the levels of aggregation were assessed by each method, using the Tween supplemented samples to show total counts, and the non- Tween samples to illustrate the percentage aggregation.
The impact of spore aggregation on bacterial contamination of drinks is an overlooked aspect, possibly due to limitations in methodological analyses. As such, tools which provide total counts, such as flow cytometry, are extremely valuable in this line of research.
Evamaria Melcher
University of Bonn
Germany
Title: Food Safety and Quality Audits – Are Audit Findings Predictable?
Biography:
Evamaria Melcher has completed her engineering Diploma in agricultural sciences at the age of 24 from the University of Bonn. Since 2012 she works in the life science department of the worldwide operating certification body DNV GL. She accompanied more than 30 food supplier audits, successfully completed the IRCA approved training course „Lead Auditor, Food Safety Management Systems, ISO 22000:2005†and the RSPO-en dorsed “RSPO Supply Chain Certification Systems training courseâ€. In the end of 2014 she began with her Ph.D. studies concerning the audit culture in the food industry at the University of Bonn.
Abstract:
In today’s certification world food safety and quality audits play an important role to assure reliable products of high quality along the entire value chain. This study focusses on food safety and quality related findings which have been detected during announced and unannounced audits. The most common findings during food audits shall be identified through the analysis of selected audit reports of IFS Food audits in 2014 and 2015. The data sets were provided by the IFS Management GmbH, a private sector standard owner. The IFS Food is internationally accepted and one of the largest food safety and quality standards worldwide. During data analysis, special categories of findings have been defined to differentiate between the types of deficiencies. Taking into account these categories, their gravity and their occurrence plus their possible avoidance during the audit and during the normal production operations, it shall be examined if there is a certain dependency in terms of company scopes. Furthermore, the empirical data, collected through online surveys of auditors and audited companies, shall support the results from the analysis of the IFS database. First results indicate that the most common findings during food audits can be allocated in one of the following four categories: risk of contamination, general hygiene aspects, structural conditions and pest control. In addition, initial investigation revealed that companies with certain product scopes tend to have more serious deficiencies regarding food safety and quality aspects. This study offers relevant future-focused recommendations for both food companies and auditors.
- Young Researchers Forum
Session Introduction
Catherine Bowe
Northumbria University
United Kingdom
Title: Effectiveness of cyclic heating decontamination on surfaces with different roughness
Time : 16:25 - 16:40
Biography:
Catherine Bowe completed her PhD in probiotic viability assessment from Northumbria University in 2015 and has since been working on an NIHR funded project exploring the potential for progressive cuisine in quality of life improvement for head and neck cancer survivors. In addition to this, she is actively contributing to research in the Food Engineering and Separation of Actives lab at Northumbria Univeristy. Her research interests include flow cytometry, microbiology, food chemistry and microscopy.
Abstract:
Consumption of fresh produce has been associated with several food scares, such as recent deadly outbreaks of Listeriosis and E. coli. Aside from the severe consequences for public health, foodborne outbreaks also have a significant economic impact, particularly for the country of origin of the contaminated agricultural produce. It is of paramount importance to develop and apply decontamination technologies to assure product safety and maintain consumer trust in fresh produce. Exposure of fresh produce to high temperatures for a short time over a number of cycles can be used to decontaminate surfaces. One key advantage of cyclic heating is that heat dissipation is confined within a few millimeters of the surface; avoiding significant deterioration of the product’s fresh like appearance. The effectiveness of cyclic heating decontamination on surfaces with different roughness was investigated. Heating was practiced by immersion in water at 95°C for 8 s in multiple cycles. Melon flesh and polypropylene were used as model surfaces of different roughness and hydrophobicity. Surfaces were inoculated with vegetative cells of B. subtilis prior to cyclic heating and viability assessment was conducted using both plating and bacterial flow cytometry. Our results revealed a significant impact from surface roughness on the effectiveness of decontamination. Greater than 5 log reduction was accomplished on polypropylene surfaces within the first 3 cycles whereas less than 4 log reduction was possible for high surface roughness. Effectiveness of cyclic heating decontamination compares favorably to conventional decontamination methods where antimicrobial agents such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone are used.
Kathy Van Den Houwe
Scientific Institute of Public Health
Belgium
Title: Migration of photoinitiators from cardboard into dry food: Evaluation of Tenax® as a food simulant
Time : 16:40-16:55
Biography:
Kathy Van Den Houwe graduated as Bio-Engineer (in Chemistry and Bioprocess Technology) at the Free University of Brussels. In September 2012, after some research on the stability of migrants in food simulants, for the University of Ghent and the ILVO (Institute for agricultural and fisheries research), she started working for the Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) in Brussels. This job is a combination, carrying out tasks for the Federal Agency for the safety of the food chain and doctoral research, again both related to Food Contact Materials.
Abstract:
Food packaging is becoming increasingly complex in their design and composition. The direct contact, and in many cases the indirect contact, between the food packaging and the food, yield the transfer of relative low molecular weight compounds such as photoinitiators. Photoinitiators are commonly used in the formulation of UV-cured inks for short drying times. Hence, photo-initiators can also be present in recycled materials, even though the packaging itself has not been printed with UV-cured inks. Evaluation of the migration of chemical contaminants in food by recycling is necessary but very challenging due to the complexity of the matrix and the wide variety of foods that need to be analysed. When a food contact material is not yet in contact with food, the contact material can be checked for compliance using food simulants. In this contribution, a kinetic study was performed to evaluate the performance of Tenax® as a food simulant for the migration of photoinitiators from paper and board towards cereals by comparing the simulation according to Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 against the actual migration into cereals. Conventional migration testing resulted in different migration patterns for different photoinitiators, which were probably caused by the presence or absence of certain functional groups. Real conditions for the migration of photoinitiators towards cereals were seriously overestimated by the conventional migration testing. These overestimations can be reduced by applying a contact temperature of 40°C. Furthermore, changing the pore size of Tenax® had no impact on the migration of photoinitiators.
Evamaria Melcher
University of Bonn
Germany
Title: Food safety and quality audits – Are audit findings predictable?
Time : 16:55 - 17:10
Biography:
Evamaria Melcher has completed her Engineering Diploma in Agricultural Sciences from the University of Bonn. Since 2012, she is working in the Life Science Department of the worldwide operating certification body DNV GL. She accompanied more than 30 food supplier audits. She successfully completed the IRCA approved training course, “Lead Auditor, Food Safety Management Systems, ISO 22000: 2005” and the RSPO-endorsed “RSPO Supply Chain Certification Systems training course”. In the end of 2014, she began with her PhD studies concerning the audit culture in the food industry at the University of Bonn.
Abstract:
In today’s certification world food safety and quality audits play an important role to assure reliable products of high quality along the entire value chain. This study focusses on food safety and quality related findings which have been detected during announced and unannounced audits. The most common findings during food audits shall be identified through the analysis of selected audit reports of IFS Food audits in 2014 and 2015. The data sets were provided by the IFS Management GmbH, a private sector standard owner. The IFS Food is internationally accepted and one of the largest food safety and quality standards worldwide. During data analysis, special categories of findings have been defined to differentiate between the types of deficiencies. Taking into account these categories, their gravity and their occurrence plus their possible avoidance during the audit and during the normal production operations, it shall be examined if there is a certain dependency in terms of company scopes. Furthermore, the empirical data, collected through online surveys of auditors and audited companies, shall support the results from the analysis of the IFS database. First results indicate that the most common findings during food audits can be allocated in one of the following four categories: Risk of contamination, general hygiene aspects, structural conditions and pest control. In addition, initial investigation revealed that companies with certain product scopes tend to have more serious deficiencies regarding food safety and quality aspects. This study offers relevant future-focused recommendations for both food companies and auditors.
Małgorzata Przygodzka
Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research-Polish Academy of Sciences
Poland
Title: Analysis of Maillard Reaction Products as Markers of Quality and Safety of Bakery Products Based on Buckwheat
Time : 17:10-17:25
Biography:
Małgorzata Przygodzka is a technologist in Sensory Laboratory at IAR&FR PAS in Olsztyn. She has completed MSc in Chemistry from Warsaw University and PhD in Food Science from IAR&FR PAS in Olsztyn. She is an author of 11 papers in peer-reviewed journals and has been a member of The Polish Chemical Society.
Abstract:
The Maillard reaction (MR) is responsible for the development of color, taste and aroma of thermally treated food. Besides these positive, the negative aspects of Maillard reaction has been investigated. The MR can limited the bioavalibility of some proteins and decrease the amount of Lys, Arg and His in final product. The group of undesirable compounds formed via MR contains furosine, fluorescence intermediary compounds (FIC), carboxymethyllysine (CML) and acrylamide (ACR). In addition, the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in human is believed to caused the development of chronic diseases. However, it is said that polyphenols from natural sources can reduced the progress of undesirable MR products formation. Whereas it was proved that buckwheat and its products can be a rich source of natural polyphenols (e.g. rutin). In this study, formation of undesirable compounds of MR was studied in innovative cakes formulated from common buckwheat flour (Fagopyrum esculentum). For the characterization of the Maillard reaction progress, markers as available lysine, furosine, CML, fluorescence of intermediary compounds and AGEs formation were analyzed. Moreover ACR analysis was conducted. The studies showed protective effect on lysine blockage, which was connected with increased polyphenols content in elaborated cakes. In the other hand, loss of nutritional quality of buckwheat-based cakes was noted due to the formation of CML and fluorescent intermediatory compounds at the advanced stage of MR. However, the inhibitory effects of AGEs formation by cakes extracts was confirmed. The AGEs inhibitory effect was highly correlated with rutin content in iv vitro models about 80%. Formation of a moderate level of ACR was found, but no relationship with polyphenols content was noted.
Khalil Mahfouz Saad-Allah
Tanta University
Egypt
Title: Protective role of the seaweed Halimeda opuntia extract on cadmium-stressed Eruca sativa
Time : 17:25-17:40
Biography:
Khalil Mahfouz Saad-Allah completed PhD. Presently, he is working as Professor in Tanta University, Egypt. He has published more than 20 papers and is an Editor of reputed journals.
Abstract:
This study was performed in order to explore the possible role of Halimeda opuntia aqueous extract in amelioration the deleterious effects of cadmium stress on Eruca sativa (rocket) during seedling stage. Seeds of E. sativa were primed with 10% aqueous extract of the chlorophyte H. opuntia or in distilled water for 3 h and sown in clay sandy soil (2:1 w/w). Plants were irrigated with tap water for 14 days then received 20 mM CdCl2 or tap water to the age of 40 days. The results showed that cadmium stress resulted in a significant reduction in water content, photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugars and soluble proteins. However, presoaking in H. opuntia extract exerted positive impact on the previous parameters in case of cadmium-unstressed treatment. Additionally, the interactive combination of cadmium stress and algal extract showed a significant amendment of cadmium stress on water content, photosynthetic pigments, sugars and protein contents. However, cadmium stress caused a significant increment in stress indices represented in proline, phenolic compounds and MDA, while priming in H. opuntia extract relatively declined these indices. Priming in the algal extract prior sowing protected E. sativa seedlings against cadmium-induced toxicity. SDS-PAGE of proteins in leaves showed alternation in protein profile in treated plants represented in appearance and disappearance of specific bands.
Ana Mornar
University of Zagreb
Croatia
Title: Chromatographic and mass spectrometric solutions to improve quality and safety of food and dietary supplements
Time : 17:40 - 17:55
Biography:
Ana Mornar obtained her PhD in 2007 from University of Zagreb, Croatia. She is an Associate Professor in the Department of Drug Control and Analytics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Croatia. She has published 37 scientific papers in respected journals, 4 book chapters and more than 90 posters in conferences. She gave several lectures as invited speaker in the international congresses. She has been serving as an editorial board member of several scientific journals. Her present work is focused on development of LC/MS/MS, GC/FID, GC/MS and AAS methods for quality control of food, beverages and dietary supplements.
Abstract:
In recent years, chromatography and mass spectrometry have gained a wide recognition as a sensitive, selective and fast techniques for the analysis of a wide range of food and dietary supplement (DS) products. An overview of our recently developed chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods used in food and DS analysis will be given. As counterfeiting of DS has become an important health and economic problem, a fast-screening DI-MS method for identification of various pharmacologically active ingredients was developed. Red fermented rice is used worldwide as an alternative therapy for hyperlipidemia. The recent discovery of a mycotoxin, citrinin, causes much controversy about the safety of these products. The LC/DAD/FLD/MSn method for determination of 5 monacolins and citrinin in a single run in food and DS have shown high deviations between labeled and found content. Despite recent efforts of regulatory authorities to improve the safety of DS, evaluation of ethanol is not harmonized. The sHSS-GC-FID method was applied for analysis of 93 samples. High amounts of ethanol were found in products for young children as well as in Ëalcohol-freeË products. GC and HPLC methods for evaluation of the volatile compounds and food additives in blackberry wine were developed. Devastating results were obtained as several samples contained methanol above the permissible limits. Although olive growing is a traditional agricultural sector in Mediterranean countries, most of oil is obtained by small producers without production control. A low cost sHSS-GC-FID method
Haya Alayadi
King Saud Universty
Saudi Arabia
Title: Step up your organization through ISO-22000
Time : 17:55 - 18:10
Biography:
Haya Alayadi has completed Masters in Health System and Quality Management, Saudi Arabia and the second in Dental Public Health, UK. She is a Lecturer in King Saud University, also Chairman of Quality in the Dental Health Department.
Abstract:
International accreditation is a tool to maintain the quality in any organization. For an organization in a food chain this could be though undergoing the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), mainly ISO-22000 or the Food Safety Management System (FSMS), which aims to provide an internationally recognized standard for food safety management system that would assure food safety. The implementation start with quality improvement plan that includes the following requirements: prerequisite program, hazard analysis critical control point and management system process. This lecture aims to provide the practical implementation process for ISO-22000, taking into account planning and requirements of food organization seeking accreditation.
Saidi Radhwane
University Saad Dahleb
Algeria
Title: Phenotypic and genotypic identification of antibiotic resistance genes of Staphylococcus strains isolated from bovine mastitis milk
Time : 18:10 - 18:25
Biography:
Saidi Radhwane has completed his PhD from Blida University and Post-doctoral studies from the same University. He has published more than 13 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract:
The study was carried out to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic identification of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of 21 Staphylococci (10 Staphylococcus aureus and 11 Coagulase Negative Staphylococci) isolated from bovine mastitis to 12 antimicrobial drugs frequently used in veterinary medicine in Algeria. Isolates of Staphylococci from bovine mastitis were tested for antibiotic resistance with disc-diffusion method according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards guidelines in the Mueller-Hinton agar, and resistant genes mecA, blaZ, aac-aph, ermA, ermC, tetK and tetM were detected by PCR. Staphylococci isolates showed high resistance to penicillin (95.23%), oxacillin (80.95%), clindamycine (80.95%), and erythromycin (76.19%) but, no resistance was detected for gentamicin by all these strains. Among 21 isolates of Staphylococci, 20 were found to be methicillin and multidrug resistant. Multidrug resistant strains exhibited several antibiogram patterns (antibiotic I to XIII). The distribution of antibiotic-resistant genes was mecA (100%), tetM (100) followed by blaZ (42.85%). In the present work, the significant determination was the high prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci, which were resistant to multiple antibiotics. The finding of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) from bovine mastitis is the first report in Algeria and revealed the status of resistant isolates in herd that might be helpful in treatment, controlling of resistant strains and for deciding culling of cows.